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You've made analogZONE's technical notes among the most-read of any online engineering resource. Regular contributor Dennis Feucht spearheads this comprehensive ZONE.

Latest Additions

• NEW Tim Green's multi-part op amp series continues with an examination of how Riso with Dual Feedback helps keep capacitive loads stable.
• NEW What happens to electrical signaling in a post 10 Gbit/s world? Force10 Networks kicks off a new TechNote series.
• NEW Consider jitter analysis from the system-level perspective with Agilent's new TechNote.
• RECENT Dennis Feucht brings us Part II of his practical buck converter design, on the heels of his new series examining the concepts behind Cuk-derived converter circuits.
• RECENT Cypress looks at current sources in light of their recent signals-from-noise series.
• RECENT TI's ongoing series on intrinsic noise in op amps turns to real-world measurement examples.
• RECENT Qimonda AG considers the role memory selection plays in keeping data centers energy-efficient.
• RECENT Samplify's Al Wegener revisits Nyquist in a dspZONE TechNote exclusively on EN-Genius Network.
• RECENT Silver Telecom offers a practical guide to designing a power-over-Ethernet device.
• Summation Research looks at digital wireless sensor telemetry and its role in today's measurement issues.
• TechNote Contest Winners! The annual Vote for the Note competition is closed for 2004; learn the identities of the winners here. Many thanks to all our readers who voted and helped to make the competition a success!

Dennis Feucht

Dennis Feucht is an electronics engineer directing Innovatia Laboratories, providing product design and technology licensing to companies involved in the design of test and measurement instruments, real-time control systems, power converters, motor drives, and energy conversion. He especially likes working on mixed-technology systems involving analog and digital electronics, software, lasers, electromechanics, ultrasonics, heat transfer and thermodynamics.

He has about 20 published articles or papers and is the author of three books on AI, analog circuit design, and rocketry. At Tektronix he contributed to part or all of the design of six test instruments and two high-speed integrated circuits, and later did research at Tek Labs, including on projects involving artificial intelligence. He can be reached at dennis@innovatia.com.

• Transistor And Inductive-Switch Analogs (September 30, 2002)
• Magnetic-Electric Analogs (September 9, 2002)
• Microcontroller Design Tradeoffs (October 28, 2002)
• Hotrod Oscilloscope (December 9, 2002)
• Power Converter Topologies (January 6, 2003)
• Does Engineering Drive Science? (February 10, 2003)
• Weird Software Problems (March 10, 2003)
• Power Line Characteristics (April 14, 2003)
• Solar Hot Water Controller Design - Part 1 (May 26, 2003)
• Solar Hot Water Controller Design - Part 2 (June 16, 2003)
• Current Amplifier Driving An Inductive Load (July 2003)
• Flyback Transformer Leakage Inductance, Part 1 (August 2003)
• Flyback Transformer Leakage Inductance, Part 2 (Sept 2003)
• High-Voltage Amplifier Circuits (October 2003)
• A Power Curve Tracer At Surplus Prices (December 2003)
• Buffer Amplifier Design (January 2004)
• Half-Bridge Circuit Behavior (February 2004)
• Cascode Amplifiers (April 12, 2004)
• Static Vs. Dynamic Resistance (April 12, 2004)
• Electronics Design in Mexico (May 24, 2004)
• Two-Pole Compensation (June 28, 2004)
• Two-Pole Compensation: Part Two (July 19, 2004)
• Reclaiming Surplus Test Equipment (August 16, 2004)
• The Plight of Oil and Power Electronics (September 20, 2004)
• Simple µC-Based ADCs -- Part I (October 18, 2004)
• Simple µC-Based ADCs -- Part II (November 22, 2004)
• Ballad of the Ex-Engineer (December 13, 2004)
• Automotive Power Electronics (January 17, 2005)
• Power From the Quantum Vacuum (February 21, 2005)
• Converter Concepts Apply to Motor Drives (March 21, 2005)
• Flyback Transformer Leakage Inductance, Part 3 (April 18, 2005)
• Beyond Engineering (May 16, 2005)
• Bootstrap Speed-Up Circuit (June 13, 2005)
• Thermal Design For Power Electronics (July 11, 2005)
• What The World Needs Now (August 22, 2005)
• Piezoelectric Transducer Electromechanical Model (September 19, 2005)
• Why Circuits Oscillate Spuriously, Part 1: BJT Circuits (October 17, 2005)
• Why Circuits Oscillate Spuriously, Part 2: Amplifiers (November 21, 2005)
• Technical Competency and the Work Environment (December 12, 2005)
• Why Circuits Oscillate Spuriously, Part 3: Amplifier Loading (January 16, 2006)
• RB-Compensated Current Mirror (February 13, 2006)
• Book Review: Wideband Amplifiers (March 6, 2006)
• Electronics Quiz # 1 (April 17, 2006)
• Property of the Mind? (May 15, 2006)
• Simplified Current-Sensing Circuits (June 12, 2006)
• The Hindrance of Breakthrough Technology (July 10, 2006)
• Electronic Device Models In Perspective (August 14, 2006)
• Electronics Packaging (September 18, 2006)
• Sensorless PMS Motor Control: Part I (October 16, 2006)
• Sensorless PMS Motor Control: Part II (November 6, 2006)
• Wire Packing Factor in Magnetics Design (December 4, 2006)
• Self-Diagnosis Of Electronics With Analog Circuits: Introductory Concepts
  (January 1, 2007)
• Self-Diagnosis Of Electronics With Analog Circuits: Developmental Concepts
  (February 5, 2007)
• Solar Thermoelectric Technology: Part 1
  (March 5, 2007)
• Solar Thermoelectric Technology: Part 2
  (April 9, 2007)
• Temperature Compensation Of BJT Differential Amplifiers
  (May 7, 2007)
• Personal Energy Systems Calculations: Part I
  (May 7, 2007)
• Personal Energy Systems Calculations: Part II
  (July 2, 2007)
• Practical Design of a Buck Converter: Part I
  (August 6, 2007)
• The SEPIC Converter
  (September 3, 2007)
• NEW Practical Design of a Buck Converter: Part II
  (September 10, 2007)
  

acquisitionZONE TechNotes

• The Fundamentals of CMOS Op Amps
  ("Telegenic"...May 28, 2001)
• Circuit Layout Techniques And Tips - Part I of VI
  (Baker...Microchip Technology...May 27, 2002)
• Circuit Layout Techniques And Tips - Part II of VI
  (Baker...Microchip Technology...July 29, 2002)
• Circuit Layout Techniques And Tips - Part III of VI
  (Baker & Haile...Microchip Technology...January 13, 2003)
• Handing Analog to the System Software
  (Macbeth...Anadigm...January 20, 2003)
• Developing DSP Test Systems for TI DSPs
  (Trimborn...National Instruments...February 24, 2003)
• Getting the Most Out of Delta-Sigma Converters
  (Anderson...Texas Instruments...March 10, 2003)
• Circuit Layout Techniques And Tips - Part IV of VI
  (Baker...Microchip Technology...April 7, 2003)
• Circuit Layout Techniques And Tips - Part V of VI
  (Baker...Microchip Technology...May 5, 2003)
• The Case For High-Capacity Analog Optimization
  (McConaghy...Analog Design Automation...June 23, 2003)
• Circuit Layout Techniques And Tips - Part VI of VI
  (Baker...Microchip Technology...July 7, 2003)
• Suppressing Even-Order Harmonic Distortion With Improved Board Layouts
  (Ramus...Texas Instruments...September 8, 2003)
• R_ON -- A Key Figure of Merit for Selecting Analog Switches
  (Hazen...Intersil Corporation...November 10, 2003)
• What's Different About Difference Amplifiers?
  (Steele...Texas Instruments...December 22, 2003)
• Avoiding Instability In Rail-to-Rail CMOS Amplifiers
  (Wong...Intersil...March 1, 2004)
• Operational Amplifiers - Part I of VI
  (Baker...Microchip...March 22, 2004)
• Operational Amplifiers - Part II of VI
  (Baker...Microchip...May 3, 2004)
• Data Converters for Noisy Environments
  (Oljaca and Hendrick...TI...June 7, 2004)
• Operational Amplifiers - Part III of VI
  (Baker...Microchip...June 14, 2004)
• Operational Amplifiers - Part IV of VI
  (Baker...Microchip...August 9, 2004)
• Operational Amplifiers - Part V of VI
  (Baker...Microchip...October 25, 2004)
• Understand the Limits of Your ADC Input Circuit Before Starting Conversions
  (Oljaca...Texas Instruments...November 1, 2004)
• Operational Amplifiers - Part VI of VI
  (Baker...Microchip...November 15, 2004)
• External Circuit Effects on High-Speed ADC Inputs
  (Liu...Texas Instruments...November 22, 2004)
• A Low-Cost High-Precision 700,000-Count Panel Meter
  (Cheung...Texas Instruments...December 13, 2004)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 1 of 15: Loop Stability Basics
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...January 31, 2005)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 2 of 15: SPICE Analysis
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...February 14, 2005)
• Designing SAR ADC Drive Circuitry
  (Downs & Oljaca...Texas Instruments...February 21, 2005)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 3 of 15: RO and ROUT
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...March 7, 2005)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 4 of 15: Loop-Stability Key Tricks and Rules-of-Thumb
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...April 18, 2005)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 5 of 15: Real-World Design Of A Single Supply Buffer Circuit
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...May 30, 2005)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 6 of 15: Capacitance-Load Stability: RISO, High Gain & CF, Noise Gain
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...July 4, 2005)
• Designing SAR ADC Drive Circuitry: Part II
  (Downs & Oljaca...Texas Instruments...October 3, 2005)
• Comparator Hysteresis In A Nutshell
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...March 27, 2006)
• Analog-To-Digital Converters - Part 1 Of 6: Accurate And Repeatable Bits Versus Actual Bits Of ADCs
  (Baker...Texas Instruments...May 15, 2006)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 7 of 15: When Does RO Become ZO?
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...May 29, 2006)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 8 of 15: Noise Gain & CF
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...August 14, 2006)
• The Evolution Of Rail-to-Rail Amplifiers
  (Wong & Papalias...Intersil Corporation...September 25, 2006)
• Design For A Wideband Differential Transimpedance DAC Output Interface
  (Steffes...Texas Instruments...October 23, 2006)
• Basic Guidelines For Using Analog-To-Digital Converters
  (Henrickson...Intersil Corporation...November 20, 2006)
• Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 9 of 15: Output Pin Compensation
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...December 11, 2006)
• High-Performance Amplifier Data Sheet Specifications: Read Between The Lines
  (Brandenburg...Fairchild Semiconductor...January 22, 2007)
• Designing SAR ADC Drive Circuitry: Part III
  (Downs & Oljaca...Texas Instruments...March 12, 2007)
• Developing A Precise Pt100 RTD Simulator For SPICE
  (Kuehl...Texas Instruments...May 28, 2007)
• Analog-To-Digital Converters - Part 2 Of 6: Do I Need All My Bits?
  (Baker & Anderson...Texas Instruments...July 23, 2007)
• Boost Your Bandwidth with a Little Extra Microstrip
  (Mostafavi...Intersil Corporation...August 13, 2007)
• NEW Operational Amplifier Stability - Part 10 of 15: Capacitor Loop Stability: Riso with Dual Feedback
  (Green...Texas Instruments (Burr-Brown)...September 24, 2007)
  
  

audio/videoZONE TechNotes

• Optical Size Is Important
  ("Telegenic"...May 28, 2001)
• Audio Applications for Op Amps, Part I
  (Carter...Texas Instruments...August 6, 2001)
• Audio Applications for Op Amps, Part II
  (Carter...Texas Instruments...November 5, 2001)
• Audio Applications for Op Amps, Part III
  (Carter...Texas Instruments...November 12, 2001)
• GaAs Solutions In Cable TV Network Upgrade, Part I
  (Do...Motorola...June 24, 2002)
• The Acceptance of Wideband Analog Telephony
  (George...Silicon Laboratories...July 7, 2003)
• Programmable Monolithic Multi-Pole Filter Design With FPAAs
  (Waters...Anadigm, Inc....September 15, 2003)
• Applying Analog Switch Performance To Video Displays
  (Ju...Fairchild Semiconductor...October 6, 2003)
• Building A Serial Digital Interface For A Multi-Format Video System
  (Subbiah & Dhurka...Cypress Semiconductor...April 5, 2004)
• High-Speed Op Amps For Video Drivers
  (Prugne...STMicroelectronics...October 18, 2004)
• Overcoming Signal Skew Differences In Cat-5 Cable
  (Long...Intersil Corporation...February 14, 2005)
• AC Coupling Techniques For Video Transmission: Part I
  (Wong & Papalias...Intersil Corporation...June 27, 2005)
• Using A Rotary Encoder To Control Four Individual DCPs
  (Martinez...Intersil Corporation...July 11, 2005)
• RECENT AC Coupling Techniques For Video Transmission: Part II
  (Wong & Papalias...Intersil Corporation...August 1, 2005)
• AC Coupling Techniques For Video Transmission: Part III
  (Wong & Papalias...Intersil Corporation...August 29, 2005)
• Moving Noise: Voice Processing For Hands-Free Car Kits
  (Coucopoulos & Morgan...Zarlink Semiconductor...June 19, 2006)
• Rail-to-Rail Amplifier Extends Resolution and Range of Light Sensors
  (Wong & Papalias...Intersil Corporation...August 28, 2006)
• Analysis And Measurement Of Intrinsic Noise In Op Amp Circuits - Part I: Introduction And Review Of Statistics
  (Kay...Texas Instruments...September 4, 2006)
• Analysis And Measurement Of Intrinsic Noise In Op Amp Circuits - Part II: Introduction To Op Amp Noise
  (Kay...Texas Instruments...October 23, 2006)
• Analysis And Measurement Of Intrinsic Noise In Op Amp Circuits - Part III: Resistor Noise and Sample Calculations
  (Kay...Texas Instruments...December 4, 2006)
• Analysis And Measurement Of Intrinsic Noise In Op Amp Circuits - Part IV: Introduction to SPICE Noise Analysis
  (Kay...Texas Instruments...January 15, 2007)
• Rail-to-Rail Amplifier With Integrated Charge Pump Improves Input Offset
  (Wong & Schmitz...Intersil Corporation...March 19, 2007)
• Analysis And Measurement Of Intrinsic Noise In Op Amp Circuits - Part V: Introduction to Noise Measurement
  (Kay...Texas Instruments...April 30, 2007)
• NEW Analysis And Measurement Of Intrinsic Noise In Op Amp Circuits - Part VI: Noise Measurement Examples
  (Kay...Texas Instruments...August 13, 2007)

connectivityZONE TechNotes

• USB 2.0 Disk Drives, Technical Challenges to Achieve Ease of Use
  (Kolokowsky & Larky...Cypress Semiconductor...July 15, 2002)
• USB 2.0...It Just Works
  (Chang...Cypress Semiconductor...September 16, 2002)
• HyperTransport Technology: Optimized for DV & Audio
  (AMD Technology Evangelism Group...October 28, 2002)
• USB and Firewire: Two Standards, Only One World
  (Faris...Cypress Semiconductor...November 25, 2002)
• Designing For Multi-Protocol SerDes: SFI, NPSI, SPI-4
  (Nikel & Collins...TriCN...December 9, 2002)
• Designing for Mixed USB 1.1/2.0 Environments
  (Handsel...Cypress Semiconductor...February 3, 2003)
• Basics of High-Performance SerDes Design: Part I
  (Suckow...Fairchild Semiconductor International...April 14, 2003)
• Basics of High-Performance SerDes Design: Part II
  (Suckow...Fairchild Semiconductor International...April 28, 2003)
• Implementing the RapidIO Interconnect Specification, Part I
  (Audityan...Motorola...November 17, 2003)
• Caution: Speed Trap Ahead!
  (Morgan...Texas Instruments...November 24, 2003)
• Implementing the RapidIO Interconnect Specification, Part II
  (Audityan...Motorola...January 26, 2004)
• Superior Card-Edge Protection Using Discrete I/O Driver Devices
  (Whalen...Fairchild...March 22, 2004)
• RS-485 Serial Data Communication: Physical Layer for Factory Automation and Process Control Networks
  (Hazen...Intersil Corporation...July 12, 2004)
• In The Eye of the Beholder: Compliance Testing For USB
  (Suemnicht...Agilent Technologies...November 15, 2004)
• Introduction to MTP: Media Transfer Protocol
  (Kolokowsky & Davis...Cypress Semiconductor...March 28, 2005)
• Serial ATA Design and Validation Challenges
  (Davila...Agilent Technologies...June 6, 2005)
• Integrating Serialized Data Signals in Ultra-Portable Products
  (Fowler...Fairchild Semiconductor...June 13, 2005)
• Addressing Next-Gen Firewall Design Challenges; Part II: Stateful Firewall Concepts And Design Issues
  (McLaughlin...Cypress Semiconductor...June 27, 2005)
• Transporting TDM Data In ATCA Systems-Over-Ethernet Fabric: Part I
  (Ng...Zarlink Semiconductor...July 25, 2005)
• Effectiveness Of The I²C-Bus And SMBus For Digital Temperature Sensors
  (Luu...Philips Semiconductors...August 8, 2005)
• PROFIBUS Design Notes
  (Ilhan...Texas Instruments...August 22, 2005)
• Exploring Termination Options For High-Speed Interfaces
  (Srinivasagam & Nayar...Cypress Semiconductor..September 19, 2005)
• USB-to-Serial Converter Solves Legacy-Free PC Challenge
  (Harmon...Texas Instruments...October 3, 2005)
• Distributing Network Synchronization In ATCA Systems: Part 2
  (Bailey...Zarlink Semiconductor...December 12, 2005)
• Managing Access Control Through SAS Zoning
  (Liao, Symons & Trent...PMC-Sierra, Inc....January 2, 2006)
• It's Never To Late To Add Extra Pins To Your Processor
  (Pearson...Cypress Semiconductor...April 24, 2006)
• Trusted Computing Group's Proposed Standard For Storage Device Security
• Signals-from-Noise - Single-Bit DACs in a Nutshell - Part I: DAC Basics
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semidonductor...September 4, 2006)
• Data Buffer Considerations For High-End Router Designs
  (Olsen...IDT...September 18, 2006)
• Signals-from-Noise - Single-Bit DACs in a Nutshell - Part II: Advanced DAC Techniques
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semidonductor...October 23, 2006)
• Firmware Emulation of an I2C Slave Device
  (Kolokowsky...Cypress Semiconductor...October 30, 2006)
• Signals-From-Noise: Single-Bit ADCs in a Nutshell - Part I
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...January 1, 2007)
• Signals-From-Noise: Single-Bit ADCs in a Nutshell - Part II
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...February 5, 2007)
• Signals-From-Noise: Single-Bit ADCs in a Nutshell - Part III
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...March 5, 2007)
• Signals-From-Noise: What Sallen-Key Filter Articles Don't Tell You - Part I
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...April 9, 2007)
• Signals-From-Noise: What Sallen-Key Filter Articles Don't Tell You - Part II
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...May 14, 2007)
• Signals-From-Noise: What Sallen-Key Filter Articles Don't Tell You - Part III
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...June 11, 2007)
• NEW Signals-From-Noise: Current Sources
  (Van Ess...Cypress Semiconductor...August 27, 2007)
  

greenTECHZONE & greenPOWERZONE TechNotes

• DfR for Destructive Assembly - A Recycler's Perspective
  (Boswell...HOBI International...July 15, 2002)
• Environmental Challenge 2003: How to Audit an Electronics Recycler
  (Roman...United Recycling Industries, Inc....March 17, 2003)
• Digital Signal Processors Usher in Green Motors
  (Godbole...Texas Instruments...July 28, 2003)
• The Hidden Challenges Of Manufacturing Lead-Free Electronics
  (Grupen-Shemansky & Osenbach...Agere Systems...February 16, 2004)
• Choosing the Right Power Factor Controller Solution
  (Valdez & Meilhon...ON Semiconductor...August 2, 2004)
• Speed-up Start-up in PFC Pre-Regulators
  (Bottrill & O'Loughlin...Texas Instruments...November 1, 2004)
• Green IC Packaging: Options, Challenges and Direction
  (Toriaga & Ramos...Advanced Interconnect Technologies...December 13, 2004)
• Designing An Environmentally-Friendly Ac to Dc Power Supply
  (Freitas...Fairchild Semiconductor...February 14, 2005)
• A Tutorial On Pb-Free Packaging
  (Edel...Freescale Semiconductor...April 18, 2005)
• Meeting Green Challenges: RoHS-Compliance Window Narrows for Component Manufacturers
  (Leo...Tyco Electronics...May 9, 2005)
• HBLED Reality Check
  (Rodriguez...OptoThermal Technologies...July 11, 2005)
• RoHS Conversions: Is your Business Ready?
  (Sanderson...AMI Semiconductor..August 22, 2005)
• Practical LCA for Short Shelf Life Products
  (Laurin, Goedkoop & Norris...EarthShift [et. al.]...August 29, 2005)
• Reliability Of Lead-Free Solder Materials For IC Packaging
  (Gonzalez, Ratchev, Labie, Limaye & Vandevelde... IMEC... October 17, 2005)
• Taming Unwanted Harmonics With Power Factor Correction
  (Small...Fairchild Semiconductor...December 5, 2005)
• Getting Customers To RoHS Compliance Without Chaos
  (Moorthy...Microchip Technology...January 2, 2006)
• Digital Control Delivers 95% Efficiency For Variable-Speed Air Conditioners
  (Murray...International Rectifier...June 5, 2006)
• Global Warming: The Era Of Fossil Fuel Energy Is Ending
  (Johnson...Wallcharts Workshop...October 2, 2006)
• White Goods Motor Controller Improves The Environment And The Bottom Line
  (Reichard & Soukup...Tier Electronics & Texas Instruments...November 20, 2006)
• Simple Techniques To Mitigate Tin Whiskers On RoHS-Compliant Printed Circuit Assemblies
  (Hundt...STMicroelectronics...January 22, 2007)
• NEW Memory Selection Considerations for Energy-Efficient Data Centers
  (Barth and Hnatek...Qimonda AG...July 30, 2007)

networkZONE TechNotes

• The Benefits Of Discrete Multi-Tone Modulation For VDSL Systems
  (Ramírez-Mireles, Aldrubi, Heidari & Sevalia ...Ikanos Communications...July 1, 2002)
• The Benefits Of Discrete Multi-Tone Modulation For VDSL Systems - Part II
  (Ramírez-Mireles, Aldrubi, Heidari & Sevalia ...Ikanos Communications...July 22, 2002)
• The Technology and Economics of RPR - Part I
  (Rosenfeld...Corrigient Systems....August 12, 2002)
• The Networked Aircraft
  (Parodi...Massana Technologies...August 26, 2002)
• Integrating PoL (Power over LAN) with Ethernet Switches
  (Ptashek & Leher...Radlan Inc. & PowerDsine Ltd...November 4, 2002)
• Designing High Density Voice-Over-Packet Systems
  (Ghai & Zimmerman...Texas Instruments...November 11, 2002)
• The Technology and Economics of RPR - Part II
  (Rosenfeld...Corrigient Systems...January 20, 2003)
• Jitter and the New Digital Regime
  (Fetz...Agilent Technologies...March 24, 2003)
• Designing for WLAN Integration into Handhelds
  (Shoemake...Texas Instruments...June 23, 2003)(see also 7/14/03 piece by Ghai & Venkat)
• Echo Cancellation: Why It Makes Or Breaks Voice Quality In PHS/DECT
  (Mukherjee...Zarlink Semiconductor...June 30, 2003)
• Creating a High-Density VoIP Processor
  (Ghai & Venkat....Texas Instruments, Inc....July 14, 2003)(see also 6/23/03 piece by Shoemake)
• Network Echo Cancellers: Requirements, Applications and Solutions
  (He, Dyba & Pessoa...Motorola, Inc...July 21, 2003)
• Creators and Extinguishers of Light
  (Anderson...National Semiconductor...September 22, 2003)
• Introduction to Sigtran
  (Darroch...Artesyn...January 5, 2004)
• A Brief Dismissal of the Fundamental Truths of Computability; Or, Why Formal Methods Hold Great Promise For Pre-Silicon Verification of RTL
  (Sailor...PMC-Sierra...March 29, 2004)
• How SolarFlare Communications Broke the 10 Gbit/s-on-UTP Barrier
  (SolarFlare Communications...March 29, 2004)
• Overcoming Challenges of Aggregating Nodes in Embedded Networks
  (Brasek...Cypress Semiconductor...April 5, 2004)
• Building Residential VoIP Gateways: A Tutorial - Part One, a Systems-Level Overview
  (Chan & Greenstreet...Texas Instruments..April 12, 2004)
• Building Residential VoIP Gateways: A Tutorial - Part Two, VoIP Telephony Interfaces
  (Yancey & Devlin-Allen...Texas Instruments..May 10, 2004)
• The Benefits of Trench Isolation in High-Voltage, High-Bandwidth Semiconductors: Part One
  (Thiel & Stibila...Legerity...June 14, 2004)
• Building Residential VoIP Gateways: A Tutorial - Part Three, Voice Quality Assurance For VoIP Networks
  (Jarrett & Buchanan...Texas Instruments...July 12, 2004)
• The Electronic Sleuth...Bridging the Gap Between Spec Sheets & The Real World
  (McKelvey...Cypress Semiconductor...July 19, 2004)
• Making the Packet Connection with TDM-over-IP: A Technology Primer
  (Ernhofer...Zarlink Semiconductor...August 9, 2004)
• Building Residential VoIP Gateways: A Tutorial - Part Four, VoIP Security Implementation
  (Greenstreet & Scoggins...Texas Instruments...September 13, 2004)
• The Rules of Jitter Analysis
  (Stephens...Agilent Technologies...September 27, 2004)
• The Benefits of Trench Isolation in High-Voltage, High-Bandwidth Semiconductors
  (Thiel, Sadeghi & Chabinec...Legerity, Inc....October 18, 2004)
• Circuit Emulation Services-over-Packet and Standards Adoption
  (Ernhofer & Frost....Zarlink Semiconductor....October 25, 2004)
• Understanding Linearity and Monotonicity
  (Kolts...Agilent Technologies...November 8, 2004)
• RF Spectrum Use in WiMAX
  (Fujitsu Microelectronics America...November 29, 2004)
• Solutions for ADSL Line Interfaces
  (Prugne...STMicroelectronics...December 6, 2004)
• Circuit Emulation Services-over-Packet and Cellular Backhaul
  (Meyer...Zarlink Semiconductor...December 13, 2004)
• Building Residential VoIP Gateways: A Tutorial - Data Router Functionality
  (Harvill & Jobson...Texas Instruments...January 3, 2005)
• Circuit Emulation in Broadband Access: Converging TDM/Data on the Last Mile
  (Lang...Zarlink Semiconductor...January 17, 2005)
• VoIP: Better than PSTN?
  (Linden...Global IP Sound...March 7, 2005)
• Extending The Reach Of TDM Equipment Using CESoP
  (Meyer...Zarlink Semiconductor...April 11, 2005)
• Addressing Next-Gen Firewall Design Challenges; Part I, Firewall Basics and Static Firewalls (McLaughlin...Cypress Semiconductor...May 16, 2005)
• Zero-Overhead Class-G Drivers Improve Power Efficiency In ADSL Line Cards (Wilson...Texas Instruments...June 20, 2005)
• Bit-Error Rate (BER) For High-Speed Serial Data Communication (Subbiah...Cypress Semiconductor...October 3, 2005)
• Time For TOE: The Benefits of 10 Gbit/s TCP Offload (Chelsio Communications...November 21, 2005)
• Data Buffer Design: What Are Your Options?
  (Springer...IDT...December 5, 2005)
• Designing for VDSL2
  (Schelstraete & Runyan...Ikanos Communications...February 20, 2006)
• iWARP Ethernet: Eliminating Overhead In Data Center Designs
  (Hausauer...Net Effect, Inc....April 3, 2006)
• Building a High-Performance Unified Threat Management Appliance - Part I: Hardware Issues
  (Johnson...Sensory Networks...May 29, 2006)
• VXCO Basics
  (Green & Scalpi...Cypress Semiconductor...June 26, 2006)
• TR-069 Brings Flexibility To DSL Remote Management
  (Kumar...Texas Instruments...July 24, 2006)
• Building a High-Performance Unified Threat Management Appliance - Part II: Software Issues
  (Johnson...Sensory Networks...August 28, 2006)
• RF Chipset Design Challenges For WiMAX
  (Hoppenstein...Texas Instruments...September 11, 2006)
• Aligning System Clocks Over Networks With IEEE 1588 Remote Timing Standard
  (Dopplinger & Innis...Freescale Semiconductor...September 18, 2006)
• High-Performance WiMAX RF Chipset Enables CPE And BTS Applications
  (Hoppenstein...Texas Instruments...October 30, 2006)
• The Role of Grandmaster, Boundary and Ordinary Clocks in IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) for Frequency Synchronization Over Packet Networks
  (Bennington...Symmetricom, Inc...February 12, 2007)
• Testing And Interoperability Verification Of 10GBASE-LRM Optical Interfaces
  (Mazzini...Cicso Photonics...May 7, 2007)
• Standardized Thermal Requirements for AdvancedTCA Systems
  (Vaananen...Motorola...August 6, 2007)
• Reaching Out: New Customers, New Applications
  (Schelstraete & Madison...Ikanos Communications...August 20, 2007)
• NEW The Future of Electrical Signaling in a Post-10 Gbit/s World
  (D'Ambrosia...Force10 Networks...September 24, 2007)
  

highPOWER & lowPOWERZONE TechNotes

• Solid-State Control for Bi-Directional Motors
  (Ochoa, Lara & Gonzalez...ON Semiconductor...May 28, 2001)
• Reducing Real Estate In Protecting Single-Cell Li-Ion Batteries
  (Elder...Texas Instruments...December 3, 2001)
• Advantages Using A Boost-Follower In A Power Factor Corrected (PFC) Pre-Regulator
  (O'Loughlin...Texas Instruments...July 8, 2002)
• Low Voltage Feedback in PWM Applications
  (Mappus...Texas Instruments...February 17, 2003)
• Current-Mode Vs. Voltage-Mode Control In Synchronous Buck Converters
  (Lynch...Texas Instruments...April 7, 2003)
• Integrating MOSFETs And Drive Circuitry For Power Supply Applications
  (Koonce...Vishay Siliconix...May 26, 2003)
• Resettable Over-Current Protection For ADSL Equipment
  (Moore...Tyco/Raychem...June 30, 2003)
• Design Considerations For PPTC Devices Used In Battery Packs
  (Galla...Tyco/Raychem...October 6, 2003)
• Simple Circuitry Gets That Old PFC Controller Working In A Boost-Follower PFC Application
  (O'Loughlin...Texas Instruments...October 20, 2003)
• Optimizing MOSFET Gate Drive Voltage
  (Mappus...Texas Instruments...December 8, 2003)
• Specifying the Best PFC Topology for Your Power Supply
  (Brooks...Taiyo Yuden USA...May 10, 2004)
• Electromagnetic Compatibility For Power Converters
  (Zuk...Fairchild Semiconductor...June 28, 2004)
• Minimizing Filtering With Ripple Steering
  (Adragna...STMicroelectronics...July 12, 2004)
• Speed-up Start-up in PFC Pre-Regulators
  (Bottrill & O'Loughlin...Texas Instruments...November 1, 2004)
• Cell Balancing Maximizes The Capacity Of Multi-Cell Li-Ion Battery Packs
  (Martinez...Intersil...February 7, 2005)
• Reduced-Size High-Voltage Output Drivers For Smart Power Applications
  (Kunz & Gassot...AMI Semiconductor...May 16, 2005)
• Power Savings Techniques for Electric Motor Systems
  (Infineon Technologies AG...August 29, 2005)
• Converting A Fixed-Output Voltage PWM To An Adjustable One
  (Laing...Intersil Corporation...May 8, 2006)
• NEW Power-Over-Ethernet: The Reality Of Designing A Powered Device
  (Morgan...Silver Telecom Ltd...July 31, 2006)
  

T&MZONE TechNotes

• Developing DSP Test Systems for TI DSPs
  (Trimborn...National Instruments...January 3, 2005)
• Normalizing The Time-Domain Response of Oscilloscope Probes
  (McTigue...Agilent Technologies...March 14, 2005)
• Strategies For Setting Up Buses And Signals In A Logic Analyzer
  (Beck...Agilent Technologies...March 28, 2005)
• JitterFest: Why Different Jitter Analyzers Give Different Results -- Which Is Right?
  (Stephens...Agilent Technologies..May 16, 2005)
• Counting Electrons: How To Measure Currents In The Attoampere Range
  (Daire...Keithley Instruments...September 12, 2005)
• Use Equalization To View Closed-Eye Signals With A Digital Oscilloscope
  (Weller...Agilent Technologies...July 17, 2006)
• New Technique Accurately Measures Low-Frequency Distortion To <-130 dBc Levels
  (Ramus...Texas Instruments...October 2, 2006)
• What Makes Bit-Error Ratio Testing With Integrated CDR Beneficial?
  (Fleischer...Agilent Technologies...July 23, 2007)
• NEW System Level Approach To Jitter Problems In High-Speed Digital Transmission
  (Le Cheminant...Agilent Technologies...September 24, 2007)

wirelessZONE TechNotes

• A 32-bit System on a Chip with FLASH
  (Gonzales...Motorola...May 28, 2001)
• Delta-Sigma Modulator PLLs With Dithered Divide-Ratio
  ( Howard...Agilent...November 4, 2001)
• Important Issues to Consider in the High-Speed WLAN Standards Debate
  (Burns...Icefyre...March 18, 2002)
• Case History: Development of a Bluetooth Transceiver in RF CMOS
  (Koupal, Wang & Edelman...Signia Technologies & Agilent Technologies...April 22, 2002)
• Evaluating and Optimizing Tradeoffs in CMOS RFIC Upconversion Mixer Design
  (Long...UC Santa Barbara...September 30, 2002)
• Direct-Conversion I-Q Modulator Simulation
  (Howard...Agilent...December 2, 2002)
• A WLAN Test System Using Test Equipment With EDA Software
  (Liu & Xu...Agilent...May 5, 2003)
• Multi-Device IC Savings & Limitations
  (Zizzo...Texas Instruments, Inc....July 14, 2003)
• Adding a Mixed-Signal PLL to a Prime Digital ASIC
  (Falcon...AMI Semiconductor...November 24, 2003)
• Thin Film Bulk Wave Acoustic Resonators (FBAR) for Wireless Applications
  (Ruby, Bradley, Oshmyansky, Chien & Larson...Agilent Technologies...February 16, 2004)
• Differential Logic Analyzer Probing
  (LaMeres...Agilent Technologies...July 5, 2004)
• Design IP for Analog and RFCMOS Process Characterization and Performance Optimization
  (Garcia, Wold & Madangarli...HPL Technologies...November 8, 2004)
• Output Power-Control Loop Design for GSM Mobile Phones
  (Gil-Garcia...Agilent Technologies...December 6, 2004)
• Mixed-Signal Design Enables Single-IC Repeaters For Electronics-Laden Vehicles
  (Polfliet & Cox...AMI Semiconductor...November 21, 2005)
• Integrating The PLL System On A Chip
  (Banerjee...National Semiconductor...December 12, 2005)
• Crystal Oscillator Design And Negative Resistance
  (Scalpi...Cypress Semiconductor...January 2, 2006)
• NEW Digital Wireless Sensor Telemetry
  (Uncredited...Summation Research...March 6, 2006)